Lub teeb emitting diode (LED) yog ib qho khoom siv semiconductor uas suav nrog N-hom semiconductor thiab P-hom semiconductor, thiab emits lub teeb los ntawm txoj kev ntawm recombination ntawm qhov thiab electrons. LEDs yog intrinsically direct tam sim no (DC) li uas tsuas yog dhau tam sim no nyob rau hauv ib tug polarity thiab feem ntau yog tsav los ntawm DC voltage qhov chaw siv resistors, tam sim no regulators thiab voltage regulators txwv qhov voltage thiab tam sim no xa mus rau lub LED. Vim li no, lub hwj huam mov los yog "tus neeg tsav tsheb" yuav tsum tau rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev hloov lub mains AC zog mus rau ib tug DC voltage los yog tam sim no haum rau tsav lub LEDs. Tus tsav tsheb LED yog lub hwj chim ntawm tus kheej uas muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws rau cov yam ntxwv hluav taws xob ntawm cov array ntawm LEDs. Feem ntau cov tsav tsheb LED tau tsim los muab cov dej ntws tsis tu ncua los ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom ntawm LEDs. Yog li ntawd, cov LEDs uas suav rau hauv kev tsav tsheb mus txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm ntawm theem tam sim no yog hu ua DC LEDs.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov hloov pauv tam sim no (AC) tuaj yeem ua haujlwm los tsav lub teeb pom kev zoo ntawm LED. AC LED yog ib qho LED uas ua haujlwm ncaj qha tawm ntawm AC kab hluav taws xob es tsis txhob siv tus tsav tsheb los hloov cov kab hluav taws xob mus rau tam sim no (DC) fais fab. Ib qho AC LED nti muaj ntau ntau ntawm LED units tsim rau ntawm ib nti thiab tau sib sau ua ke rau hauv lub voj voog voj voog lossis tus choj Wheatstone kom siv ncaj qha rau hauv qhov chaw hloov pauv tam sim no. Ib qho AC LED kuj tseem hu ua lub teeb hluav taws xob siab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob (HV LED) vim nws paub meej ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv tam sim no thiab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ncaj qha rau hauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob uas muaj hluav taws xob siab (220V hauv Tebchaws Europe lossis 110 V hauv Tebchaws Meskas. ) thiab alternating tam sim no (AC).
Cov teeb pom kev zoo ntawm LED muaj xws li kev tsav tsheb nyuaj, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsim cov nqi tsim khoom, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub neej, kev tsim qauv tsis yooj yim vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov ntim ntxiv nrog kev tsav tsheb ntxiv thiab dimming circuits, qis zog efficiency thiab system stability.
Kev taw qhia txog kev tsav tsheb hauv DC LED teeb pom kev zoo ua rau muaj ntau yam tsis zoo. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm lub hluav taws xob cuircuit yog ho tsawg tshaj li ntawm cov LED. Ntxiv mus, txiav txim siab tias cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm LED tsis nyob tas mus li thoob plaws lub neej ntawm LED, tab sis hloov nrog lub hnub nyoog thiab ib puag ncig, kev sib raug zoo ntawm LED thiab nws tus neeg tsav tsheb tuaj yeem ua rau qhov kawg, thiab yog li ua rau tsis ruaj khov LED kev ua haujlwm. Lub hwj chim converter txo cov efficiency ntawm lub teeb emitting ntaus ntawv. Lub hwj chim poob nyob rau hauv xws li lub hwj chim converter txo tag nrho efficiency ntawm lub teeb qhov chaw. Ib tug tsav tsheb Circuit Court tej zaum yuav muaj xws li cov khoom xws li resistive loads, inductive coils, capacitors, switching transistors, moos, thiab cov zoo li los hloov cov kev ua hauj lwm tsis. Nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawm kev ua haujlwm, LED teeb thiab lawv cov tsav tsheb LED ntsib ntau qhov kev puas tsuaj uas muaj xws li cua sov, kev vibration, xov tooj cua zaus lossis electromagnetic cuam tshuam, hloov pauv poob, thiab lwm yam. Raws li lub sijhawm dhau mus, cov xwm txheej ib puag ncig thiab cov kab mob cab tuaj yeem ua rau poob qis ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov teeb ci LED xws li lawv yuav tsis ua raws li kev ua haujlwm.
Rau AC LEDs, ntxiv voltage transformers lossis rectifiers tsis tas yuav tsum tau, thiab AC LEDs tuaj yeem ua haujlwm los ntawm kev siv cov hloov tam sim no ncaj qha. Vim li no, tus nqi ntawm AC LED teeb raug txo qis thaum piv nrog nws cov DC counterpart, thiab cov teeb meem cuam tshuam txog kev ua haujlwm zoo raug txo qis. Electromagnetic Interference (EMI), tshwj xeeb, tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb ntxiv lawm vim tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis tas yuav muaj kev hloov pauv ntau zaus. Kev hloov pauv rau qis voltage ncaj qha tam sim no tsis xav tau, qhov no txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob tshwm sim hauv lub zog hluav taws xob. Lub hwj chim converter txo cov hwj huam zoo thiab ua kom tag nrho cov harmonic distortion ntawm tam sim no. Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm AC-direct tsim ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua tau rau lub zog loj tshaj 0.9 yam tsis muaj lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntxiv lossis lub zog hloov kho hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau ua. Ib qho txiaj ntsig ntxiv ntawm AC LED teeb tsa yog nws qhov kev ua tiav tag nrho dimmability, yam tsis muaj kev hloov mus rau lub voj voog dimming. Ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm AC LED txoj hauv kev yog qhov sib txuam nrog theem-txiav (triac) dimmers. Nws yog feem ntau xav siv LED teeb nrog lub dimming kev ua haujlwm kom xa cov teeb pom kev sib txawv.
Txawm li cas los xij, tseem muaj kev sib tw ntawm kev txhim kho hauv kev tsim cov AC LED. Lub teeb tsim los ntawm AC-LEDs uas tau tsav los ntawm AC mains mov tuaj yeem nthuav tawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg siab ntawm qhov muag pom kev flicker, raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev hloov pauv ceev hauv polarity ntawm cov zaus zaus. Qhov flicker no tuaj yeem ua rau khaus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws los txog rau kev siv teeb pom kev hauv tsev. Qhov teeb meem flicker tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm kev siv lub rectifier thiab lub capacitor, uas yog cov khoom siv hauv DC LED tsav tsheb. Tsis tas li ntawd, LED teeb nrog tus tsav tsheb circuitry tuaj yeem tsim los hloov AC mains voltage, nyob rau hauv ntau yam (piv txwv li 100-277V), rau hauv qhov muaj peev xwm tsis tu ncua load voltage thiab tej zaum qhov load tam sim no. Lub AC LEDs tsuas yog tuaj yeem lees txais qhov nqaim ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, piv txwv li 220-240V, uas txwv lawv txoj haujlwm hauv cov ntawv thov nrog cov hluav taws xob hloov pauv.
LEDs powered los ntawm AC lub hwj chim qhov chaw ua rau ib tug tsis-linear load. Raws li qhov tsis yog-linearity, LEDs siv los ntawm AC lub zog hluav taws xob tej zaum yuav muaj lub zog qis dua, thiab tej zaum yuav muaj ntau dua kev sib haum xeeb. Lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm qhov hloov hluav taws xob tam sim no (AC) hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tau piav qhia raws li qhov piv ntawm lub zog tiag tiag rau lub zog pom meej ntws mus rau lub nra.
