Siab -Hwj chimLED Stadium Teeb pom kev zoo: Technical Advantages, Economic Viability, thiab ua raws li cov qauv niaj hnub
Abstract:Kab lus no muab cov kev qhia dav dav thiab kev txheeb xyuas nyiaj txiag ntawmsiab -lub zog LED chaw ntau pob teeb pom kev zoo, leveraging kev tshawb pom los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv seminal kawm ntawm Zhaoqing New District Sports Center (tshaj tawm nyob rau hauvIllumination Engineering Journal, 2020)[¹]. Nws tshuaj xyuas qhov kev txiav txim siab hloov ntawm ib txwm muaj hlau Halide (MH) teeb mus rau qib siabLED chaw ntau pob teebcov kab ke, tsom mus rau kev ntsuas kev ua tau zoo, lub neej- cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub voj voog, thiab ua raws li cov qauv kev tshaj tawm xov xwm thoob ntiaj teb. Sau nrog kev ua raws li EEAT cov hauv paus ntsiab lus, qhov kev tshuaj xyuas no yog tsim los qhia cov kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov thawj coj hauv tsev, cov tsim teeb pom kev zoo, thiab cov tub ceev xwm kev ruaj ntseg hauv kev ua kis las.
1. Vim li cas thiaj siab -Power LED Technology Tam sim no Superior rau Hlau Halide rauTeeb pom kev hauv chaw ntau pob?
Tau ntau xyoo lawm,Hlau Halide (MH) teebyog lub neej ntawd xaiv rauloj -scale kis las venue illuminationvim lawv lub siab luminous flux thiab ntev pov deb. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li cov pov thawj hauv Zhaoqing qhov project tsom,siab -lub zog LED chaw ntau pob teebnthuav tawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv niaj hnub no. Qhov tsis zoo tseem ceeb ntawm MH systems suav nrog qhov sov so qeeb - lub sijhawm nce (5-10 feeb kom ncav cuag cov zis ruaj khov), uas cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem teeb pom kev zoo thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev thiab hloov mus rau qhov xwm txheej tam sim. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv lub neej luv luv (feem ntau yog 6,000-15,000 teev) [²] ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntau zaus thiab cov nqi kho mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov khoom siv tau teeb tsa ntawm qhov siab loj ntawm catwalks.
Nyob rau hauv sib piv, ib tug niaj hnubLED chaw ntau pob teeb muaj kev pib sai sai-nce, ua kom muaj kev tswj lub teeb pom kev zoo rau ua ntej-kev ua si ua yeeb yam thiab tso tawm tam sim ntawd thaum rov kho lub zog. Cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig - xeev xwm txheej ntawm LEDs muab lawv lub neej ua haujlwm ntev dua, feem ntau tshaj 50,000 teev rau L90/B50[³], txo qis kev cuam tshuam kev saib xyuas. Txawm li cas los xij, tus tseem ceeb sib txawv, yog nyob rau hauv zog efficiency thiab controllability. High-faiv fab LEDs xa cov lumens zoo tshaj{11}}ib-watt (lm/W) kev ua tau zoo, thiab thaum ua ke nrog cov neeg tsav tsheb ntse thiab DMX tswj cov tshuab, lawv tso cai rau qhov dimming meej thiab tsim ntau yam teeb pom kev zoo (xws li, hom kev cob qhia, kev tshaj tawm hauv tebchaws, thoob ntiaj teb HD tshaj tawm). Qhov kev tswj xyuas granular no txhais tau ncaj qha rau kev txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob thaum lub sijhawm tsis siv -peak siv, yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev ua tiav cov phiaj xwm ntawv pov thawj lub tsev ntsuab, raws li pom los ntawm Zhaoqing chaw ua raws li Tuam Tshoj Green Building Ob- Hnub qub qauv.
Table 1: Technical & Operational Comparison: Hlau Halide vs. High-Power LED Stadium Teeb
|
Parameter |
Ib txwm Hlau Halide (MH) Teeb |
Niaj hnub nimno High-Power LED Stadium Teeb |
Kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm hauv chaw ntau pob |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Pib-up / Restrike Time |
5-10 feeb kom ncav cuag cov zis tag nrho; ob peb feeb kom txias ua ntej rov pib dua. |
Instantaneous (<1 second); full output immediately available. |
Ua kom muaj teeb pom kev zoo tam sim rau cov xwm txheej, lub zog rov qab los, thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab dynamic. Tsis xav tau tus nqi kub -restrike systems. |
|
Luminous Efficacy (System) |
80-100 lm / W (xws li ballast poob). |
130-180+ lm/W (tsav tsheb- suav nrog kev ua haujlwm tau zoo). |
Ncaj nraim txo tag nrho cov kev txuas txuas thiab kev siv hluav taws xob rau tib theem illuminance. |
|
Yam Kev Ntsuas Lub Neej (rau L70 / L90) |
6, 000 - 15,000 teev. |
50, 000 - 100,000 teev (L90/B50). |
Txo qhov hloov pauv ntau zaus los ntawm 3-5x, txo qis kev tu lub sijhawm ntev thiab cov nqi khoom siv. |
|
Optical Control & Beam Precision |
Nruab nrab; nyob rau ntawm reflector geometry. Lub teeb tso zis yog omnidirectional. |
Zoo heev; lub teeb yog kev taw qhia. tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov khoom siv kho qhov muag thib ob (TIR lo ntsiab muag, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob) rau kev txiav tawm thiab kev tswj lub teeb ci. |
Txhim kho qhov sib xws, txo cov teeb pom kev zoo (lub teeb muaj kuab paug), thiab txo qis glare rau cov neeg ua si thiab cov neeg saib. |
|
Dimmability & Tswj |
Txwv tsis pub lossis tsis muaj -; yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb ballasts, feem ntau ua rau xim hloov. |
Tag nrho dimmable los ntawm 100% mus rau 1% tsis muaj xim hloov. Tau tshaj DMX, DALI, thiab wireless raws tu qauv. |
Ua kom muaj zog-txuag hom, hloov pauv qhov chaw teeb tsa, thiab kev koom ua ke nrog Tsev Tswj Xyuas Txheej Txheem (BMS). |
|
Power Density (LPD) Ua tiav |
Siab dua W / m² kom tau raws li lub hom phiaj lux. |
Lower W / m² rau qhov sib npaug lossis zoo dua qhov pom kev thiab kev sib xws. |
Qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua raws li cov cai nruj zog (xws li ASHRAE 90.1, LEED, Green Building Standards). |
2. Dab tsi yog Cov Kev Sib Tw Tseem Ceeb hauv Kev Ua Haujlwm Siab -PowerLED Stadium Teebthiab lawv daws tau li cas?
Thawj qhov kev saws me nyuamsiab -lub zog LED dej nyab teeb rau cov chaw ntau pobtau cuam tshuam los ntawm kev txhawj xeeb txog kev raug cai: kev tswj xyuas thermal, kev tswj lub ntsej muag, thiab lumen depreciation (lub teeb poob dhau sijhawm). Cov ntaub ntawv kawm Zhaoqing muab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj rau kev daws cov teeb meem no, tsim ib qho kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws rau -teeb pom kev ua kis lastej yaam num.
Thermal Management:LEDs yog rhiab heev rau qhov kub thiab txias (Tj). Tsis txaus cua sov dissipation ua rau kom ceev lumen depreciation thiab shortened lifespan. Txoj kev daws teeb meem, raws li kev siv ntawm Zhaoqing, suav nrog atus tsav tsheb- cais tsim. Los ntawm kev sib cais tus tsav tsheb LED (qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov cua sov) los ntawm lub teeb lub cav thiab muab tso rau hauv lub hauv paus, qhov cua nkag ntawm lub catwalk, thawjLED module's thermal load yog txo qis. Lub fixture nws tus kheej siv lub siab -kev ua tau zoo heatsink, feem ntau ua los ntawm tuag- nrum txhuas los yog featuring advanced finned designs, kom passively dissipate tshav kub. Txoj hauv kev no ncaj qha tackles "kub dab dej" kev sib tw, ua kom cov LEDs ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lawv qhov kub thiab txias rau qhov ntev tshaj plaws.
Glare Control (UGR):Qhov siab -brightness, point- qhov xwm txheej ntawm LEDs tuaj yeem ua rau tsis xis nyob, ntsuas raws li Kev Sib Koom Siab Glare Rating (UGR). Yuav kom txo tau qhov no, fixtures yog nruab nroganti-glare accessories. Qhov no suav nrog ob lub optics zoo li honeycomb louvres, sib sib zog nqus baffles, los yog micro- prismatic lo ntsiab muag uas tiv thaiv qhov pom ncaj qha ntawm qhov siab -luminance LED chips los ntawm cov qauv saib cov ces kaum ( kis las thiab saib cov duab pom). Txhua LED nti kuj tseem yuav haum nrog ib tus neeg thib ob collimating lens kom meej tswj cov kab sib kis, ntxiv txo cov teeb pom kev zoo.
Lumen Maintenance & Xim Stability:LED lub teeb tso zis maj mam txo qis thaum lub sijhawm. Txhawm rau lav qhov ua tau zoo rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb xws li HDTV tshaj tawm hauv lub cev lub neej,ntse tas li- lub teeb tso zis (CLO) tsav tshebua hauj lwm. Cov tsav tsheb no tuaj yeem tau txais thiab nce ntxiv mus rau qhov tam sim no rau LED chips kom them nyiaj rau kev kwv yees lumen depreciation, kom ntseeg tau tiasqib illuminancentawm lub suab nyob twj ywm saum toj no specification (xws li, nyob rau hauv 5% ntawm thawj cov zis ntau tshaj 10 xyoo, raws li lub hom phiaj ntawm Zhaoqing project). Qhov no proactive tswj ntawmlub teeb poobyog qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm MH systems, uas muaj kev puas tsuaj sai dua thiab tsis muaj nyiaj them poob haujlwm.
Table 2: Kev Ntsuas Hluav Taws Xob thiab Nqi Txuag: Kev Tshawb Fawb los ntawm Zhaoqing New District Sports Center[¹]
|
Yam |
Hlau Halide System (Comparative Project) |
High-Power LED System (Zhaoqing Football Stadium) |
Txuag / txiaj ntsig |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Fixture suav (Lub ntsiab teeb pom kev zoo) |
283 x 2000W MH fixtures |
176 x 1400W LED fixtures |
37% txonyob rau hauv tus naj npawb ntawm lub ntsiab fixtures. |
|
Tag Nrho Kev Txuas Hluav Taws Xob (Lub Teeb Tseem Ceeb) |
5 66 kWm |
246.4 kWm |
56.5% txonyob rau hauv kev cob cog rua load. |
|
Kwv yees kev siv hluav taws xob txhua xyoo* |
~ 619,950 kWh |
~ 269,760 kWh |
56.5% txohauv kev siv hluav taws xob txhua xyoo. |
|
Kev txuag hluav taws xob txhua xyoo* |
(Lub hauv paus) |
~ ¥350,000 (≈ $50,000 USD) |
Kev siv nyiaj ncaj qha ua haujlwm (OPEX) txo. |
|
Teeb pom kev muaj zog ceev (LPD) |
Siab dua (Lub hauv paus) |
0.0387 W/m³ (vs. lub hom phiaj ntawm 0.0421) |
Tshaj dhau Green Building Standard lub hom phiaj. |
|
* Cov kev xav tau rau kev suav: 5 teev ua haujlwm txhua hnub, 60% kev siv txhua xyoo (219 hnub), tus nqi hluav taws xob ntawm ¥ 0.8632 / kWh, raws li qhov kev tshawb fawb. |
|
|
|
3. Ua li casLED SystemsTxhim khu kev ua tau zoo zog thiab muab qhov muaj zog rov qab los ntawm kev nqis peev (ROI)?
Kev hloov mus rau acoj mus muag LED kev ua si teeb pom kev zoosystem sawv cev rau kev nqis peev tseem ceeb. Txawm li cas los xij, lub neej holistic -kev txheeb xyuas tus nqi voj voog (LCCA) tsis tas yuav ua kom pom qhov ROI nyuaj. Cov nyiaj khaws cia muaj ntau yam -faceted: 1)Kev txuag hluav taws xob:Raws li pom nyob rau hauv Table 2, qhov kev ua tau zoo dua ntawm LEDs tuaj yeem txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob rau cov teeb pom kev zoo tshaj 50%. 2)Maintenance Savings:Lub 50,000+ teev lifespan tshem tawm cov pab pawg ntau zaus. Kev saib xyuas hloov pauv los ntawm kev hloov lub teeb hloov mus rau kev kuaj xyuas qhov system, nrog lub sijhawm ntev dua . 3)Txo HVAC Load:LEDs emissions deb tsawg radiant tshav kub rau hauv lub venue piv rau MH teeb, uas hloov feem ntau ntawm lawv lub zog rau hauv infrared tshav kub. Qhov no tuaj yeem txo qhov kev thov kom txias rau sab hauv tsev, ua rau muaj kev txuag hluav taws xob ntxiv . 4)Kev Ua Haujlwm Flexibility:Kev muaj peev xwm ua kom lub teeb tsis pom kev rau kev cob qhia lossis tsis yog- cov xwm txheej tshaj tawm ua rau kev txuag hluav taws xob txhua hnub uas tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog cov kab ke ib txwm muaj.
Qhov project Zhaoqing qhov kev txheeb xyuas nyiaj txiag yog qhov piv txwv: txawm tiasLED chaw ntau pob teebcov khoom siv uas muaj tus nqi pib dua (sau tseg tias muaj peev xwm 2x lossis ntau dua ntawm MH fixture), kev txuag hluav taws xob txhua xyoo ntawm kwv yees li 350,000 rau lub chaw ncaws pob football ib leeg ua kom lub sijhawm them rov qab feem ntau ntawm 3 txog 7 xyoo, tom qab ntawd cov nyiaj khaws cia ncaj qha rau lub chaw siv nyiaj rau qhov seem 15+ xyoo ntawm lub neej.
4. Cov qauv teeb pom kev zoo dab tsi yuav tsum muaj lub teeb pom kev zoo niaj hnub LED chaw ntau pob?
Tsim ibkev tshaj lijchaw ntau pob LED teeb pom kev zoo kev teeb tsa yog tswj hwm los ntawm cov qauv nruj hauv teb chaws thiab thoob ntiaj teb uas txhais cov qib illuminance (lux), qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib txawv, txwv tsis pub pom, thiab xim rendering rau cov chav sib txawv ntawm kev ua si thiab kev tshaj tawm xov xwm. Cov qauv tseem ceeb suav nrog IESNA RP-6-20 "Kev Ua Si thiab Chaw Ua Si Chaw Ua Si" thiab FIFA / UEFA cov lus qhia rau kev ncaws pob. CovZhaoqing Sports Centertau tsim los ua kom tau raws li "TV Broadcast Grand International Kev Sib Tw" qib los ntawm Suav tus qauv JGJ 153-2016.
Table 3: Cov Qauv Tseem Ceeb Illuminance rau Kev Ncaj Ncees Football Chaw Teeb Pom Kev (TV Tshaj Tawm Qib)
|
Metric |
Yam yuav tsum tau muaj (HDTV tshaj tawm) |
Nqe lus piav qhia & Qhov tseem ceeb |
|---|---|---|
|
Kab rov tav Illuminance (Eh, avg) |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 1400 lux (FIFA Quality Pro) |
Nruab nrab lub teeb theem ntawm qhov chaw ua si. Ua kom muaj qhov ci txaus rau kev ua si thiab lub koob yees duab raug. |
|
Kab rov tav Uniformity (U₁=E_min/E_max) |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.7 (FIFA) |
Qhov ratio ntawm yam tsawg kawg nkaus rau siab tshaj plaws illuminance. High uniformity tiv thaiv qhov chaw tsaus thiab ua kom muaj kev ua si zoo ib yam. |
|
Kab rov tav Uniformity (U₂=E_min/E_avg) |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.8 (FIFA) |
Qhov ratio ntawm yam tsawg kawg nkaus rau nruab nrab illuminance. Ib qho kev ntsuas nruj dua ntawm qhov sib xws. |
|
Vertical Illuminance (Ev, avg) |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 1400 lux (Lub Koob Yees Duab Loj) |
Lub teeb nruab nrab ntawm lub dav hlau ntsug (xws li, cov neeg ua si lub ntsej muag). Qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tshaj tawm lub koob yees duab clarity thiab qhov tob tob. |
|
Vertical Uniformity |
U₁ Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.6, U₂ Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.7 (Hom) |
Ua kom muaj teeb pom kev zoo ib yam ntawm cov neeg ua si tsis hais txoj haujlwm ntawm lub tshav pob, tseem ceeb heev rau kev tshaj tawm zoo. |
|
Xim Rendering Index (CRI lossis Ra) |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 80 (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 90 pom zoo rau qib siab) |
Ntsuas seb cov xim raug tsim dua li cas hauv qab lub teeb. Tseem ceeb heev rau lub tsho xim sib txawv thiab muaj tseeb - rau - lub neej tshaj tawm. |
|
Correlated Xim Kub (CCT) |
4000K - 5700K (5500K yog ntau) |
Txhais qhov "sov" lossis "txias" ntawm lub teeb dawb. Nruab nrab kom txias dawb txhim kho qhov sib piv thiab nyiam tshaj rau kev tshaj tawm. |
|
Flicker feem pua |
< 1% (for slow-motion broadcast) |
Tsis pom kev hloov pauv ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv kev siab - lub koob yees duab ceev. |
Kev Lag Luam Cov Teeb Meem & Cov Kev daws teeb meem zoo (kwv yees . 300 Cov lus)
Teeb meem 1: Glare thiab lub teeb spill ua rau Player tsis xis nyob thiab zej zog teeb meem.
Kev daws:Qhia cov khoom siv nrog kev sib koom ua ke los tiv thaiv-glare optics (louvres, baffles) thiab kev tswj cov kab ncaj nraim (Hom III, IV, lossis V faib raws li xav tau). Ua qauv duab thaij duab kom ntseeg tau tias lub kaum ntse ntse kom siab - siv lub teeb nyob hauv thaj tsam thaj tsam. Siv cov ntaub thaiv npog thiab txiav txim siab qis CCT teeb (4000K) uas tuaj yeem pom tau tias tsis tshua pom qis dua 5700K+.
Teeb meem 2: Tswj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntev hauv cov chaw kaw.
Kev daws:Txais tus tsav tsheb- cais tsim los tshem tawm cov cua kub loj los ntawm lub cev fixture. Xyuas kom cov fixtures muaj robust, raug qhov loj me me aluminium kub dab dej. Rau cov chaw nyob sab hauv tsev, koom tes nrog HVAC cov neeg tsim qauv kom suav txog qhov txo qis tshav kub ntawm LEDs piv rau MH systems.
Qhov teeb meem 3: System Complexity thiab High Upfront Nqi Deterring Investment.
Kev daws:Tsim cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog lub neej-Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) uas ntsuas 10-xyoo lub zog thiab kev txuag nyiaj kom pom tseeb CapEx. Theem lub installation lossis nrhiav nyiaj ntsuab ntsuab nyiaj txiag / nyiaj pab. Xaiv cov tshuab los ntawm cov tuam txhab muaj koob npe muab kev lees paub (5-10 xyoo) thiab kev txhawb nqa hauv zos.
Teeb meem 4: Ua kom muaj kev sib raug zoo thiab yav tom ntej - Pov thawj nrog Cov Txheej Txheem Tswj.
Kev daws:Xaiv lub tshuab LED nrog qhib- cov tsav tsheb raws tu qauv (xws li DALI, DMX) kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog BMS uas twb muaj lawm lossis yav tom ntej thiab tswj cov consoles. Thov cov ntaub ntawv ntxaws ntxaws thiab API nkag los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom rau kev sib koom ua ke.
Teeb meem 5: Ua tau raws li qhov xav tau hloov zuj zus ntawm 4K/8K HDR thiab qeeb -Kev Tshaj Tawm Tshaj Tawm.
Kev daws:Qhia meej cov khoom siv nrog CRI siab heev (Ra> 90, R9> 50) rau cov xim saturated luam tawm thiab tsis tshua muaj flicker (<1% at all dimming levels). Ensure the design provides high vertical illuminance uniformity to eliminate shadows on players in ultra-high-definition broadcasts.
Xaus
Case rausiab -lub zog LED chaw ntau pob teeb pom kev zooyog technologically thiab economically conclusive. Raws li tau pom los ntawm cov haujlwm tseem ceeb xws li Zhaoqing New District Sports Center, cov tshuab LED niaj hnub kov yeej cov teeb meem keeb kwm ntawm kev tswj xyuas thermal, glare, thiab lub teeb poob los ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab. Cov txiaj ntsig tau txais txiaj ntsig- txuag hluav taws xob ntau tshaj 50%, kev saib xyuas me me, kev ua haujlwm tsis sib xws, thiab tau lees paub ua raws li cov qauv tshaj tawm tshaj tawm - xa rov qab los ntawm kev nqis peev. Rau ib qho chaw ua kis las tshiab lossis kev kho dua tshiab, asiab -kev ua tau zoo LED chaw ntau pob teebsystem tsis yog ib qho kev xaiv ntxiv lawm; nws yog qhov tseeb, yav tom ntej - qauv pov thawj rau kev ua tau zoo, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab kev ua kis las kis las.
Cov ntaub ntawv & Citations
Huang, R. (2020).Daim ntawv thov ntawm High-lub hwj chim LED Teeb nyob rau hauv lub chaw ntau pob teeb pom kev zoo.Illumination Engineering Journal, 31(1), 83-86. [Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshawb xyuas qhov project Zhaoqing New District Sports Center, muab cov ntaub ntawv sib piv ntawm kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab kev tsim qauv daws teeb meem].
IESNA RP-6-20, UA"Kev Ua Si thiab Chaw Ua Si Chaw Teeb Pom Kev," Illuminating Engineering Society of North America. [Tus qauv tso cai rau kev tsim teeb pom kev zoo rau cov chaw ua kis las hauv North America, npog tag nrho cov teeb pom kev zoo thiab kev ntsuas tsis sib xws].
FIFA,"Cov Chaw Ncaws Pob Ncaws Pob: Cov Lus Pom Zoo thiab Cov Cai," Fédération Internationale de Football Association. [Cov txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb rau kev teeb pom kev zoo rau kev ncaws pob (kev ncaws pob) pitches, suav nrog cov kev cai rau HDTV thiab ultra- qeeb- tawm suab tawm suab].
JGJ 153-2016,"Standard for Lighting Design and Testing of Sports Venues," Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of China. [Lub teb chaws Suav tus qauv siv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv kawm Zhaoqing, nrog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws illuminance chav kawm].
Cov lus piav qhia
[¹] Zhaoqing New District Sports Center cov ntaub ntawv kawm:Qhov no tiag -lub ntiaj teb qhov project, sau tseg rau hauv ib tug phooj ywg- tshuaj xyuas engineering phau ntawv journal, muab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj, sib piv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev suav suav, kev siv hluav taws xob, thiab ua tiav lub teeb pom kev zoo (LPD), ua tus qauv siv tau rau kev lag luam.
[²] Hlau Halide Teeb Lifespan:Lub sijhawm 6,000-15,000 teev sawv cev rau qhov "rated life" rau L70 (70% lumen tu) raws li kev ua haujlwm zoo. Hauv ntiaj teb chaw ntau pob siv nrog nquag qhib / tawm mus thiab kev co, lub neej kev pab cuam yuav qis dua.
[³] L90/B50:Tus qauv LED lub neej metric.L90txhais tau hais tias lub luminaire tswj tsawg kawg yog 90% ntawm nws qhov pib lub teeb tso zis.B50txhais tau hais tias 50% ntawm ib tug piv txwv cov pej xeem tsis ua tsis tau tejyam (kev ntsuas ntawm kev ntseeg). Qhov ntsuas L90/B50 ntawm 50,000 teev yog ib qho piv txwv zoo rau cov kws tshaj lij- qib kis las teeb pom kev zoo luminaires.
Teeb pom kev zoo zog ceev (LPD):Kev ntsuas ntawm lub zog ua haujlwm rau kev teeb pom kev zoo, qhia hauv Watts ib square meter (W / m²) lossis Watts ib cubic meter (W / m³). LPD qis dua qhov tseem ceeb qhia tias muaj zog ntau dua - tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig kom ua tiav qib teeb pom kev zoo.
Unified Glare Rating (UGR):Ib qho kev ntsuas tus qauv (CIE 117-1995) rau kev txheeb xyuas qhov tsis xis nyob ntawm lub hlwb los ntawm cov luminaires hauv ib puag ncig sab hauv lossis ib nrab sab nrauv. Qhov qis dua UGR qhia tias tsis tshua pom kev.
Tus neeg tsav tsheb-Ileased Design:Lub tswv yim kev tswj xyuas thermal uas tus tsav tsheb LED (lub zog muab hluav taws xob) yog lub cev sib cais los ntawm LED lub teeb lub cav. Qhov no tiv thaiv tus neeg tsav tsheb cov khib nyiab los ntawm kev ua kom qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov rhiab LED chips, yog li txhim kho lumen txij nkawm thiab kev ua neej ntev.
https://www.benweilight.com/lighting-tube-bulb/led-stadium- dej nyab-lights-1200w-equivalent.html
